Word: hitherto
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...bacteria which often make ponds and seawater phosphorescent. Working with flaskfuls of luminous bacteria, the researchers found that alcohol and anesthetics, when added in small amounts to the bacterial solutions, dimmed their luminescence. Greater amounts extinguished the glow altogether. (Conclusions: narcotics numb consciousness by affecting enzyme reactions, not-as hitherto suspected-by acting as fat solvents; human consciousness, which these drugs affect, is at least partly a chemical process sustained by enzymes.) The sulfa drugs acted like one group of narcotics on the enzyme, putting activities to sleep. (Conclusion: the sulfa drugs may perform their germicidal miracles by preferentially anesthetizing...
...pure breeds of chickens have been developed whose sex can be identified by their markings as soon as they hatch. Sex-sorting of chicks has hitherto been a ticklish and difficult art. Unlike hybrid chicks, in which the sex difference shows up only in the first generation, the new breeds have sex distinctions which persist, according to the researchers who developed them. Developed at Cambridge, England, the new fowls are cherished in Britain, where only egg layers are wanted and it is a waste of food to raise young cocks until they can be identified...
Miss Lamarr-thanks to careful directing-is something of a revelation herself. Hitherto, the undulant Viennese has been asked to do little but stand around and slay the male section of the audience...
Finally, just before he left, he reached the hitherto-unsealed pinnacle of Moscow diplomatic prestige - a long, personal interview with Joseph Stalin...
...Hitherto X-rays have been produced by stepping up an ordinary 110-volt current to perhaps 1,000,000 volts in a transformer, then jumping it through a straight vacuum tube at a target from which X-rays are emitted. Now, in effect, the betatron combines transformer and vacuum tube. Instead of circling round & round a magnet in a coil of wire, as in a transformer, the electrons whirl through the empty space inside the doughnut-shaped vacuum while their voltage increases...