Word: homestead
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...Perhaps you should know that the Governor and Council of the State of New Hampshire have appropriated $40,000 to purchase the Robert Frost Homestead in Derry, N.H., as a living memorial to a great American poet...
LOCKOUT, by Leon Wolff. The bitter story of the Homestead Strike in 1892, in which workers struck against the lethal working conditions at Andrew Carnegie's steel mill. Henry Clay Frick, Carnegie's second-in-command at the time, retaliated with a hired army of Pinkerton men; in four months of hostilities 35 were killed, 400 injured. When the strike was finally broken, men who were not fired went back to worse conditions and slashed...
...July morning in 1892, a tug chugged up the Monongahela, towing two barges with a deadly cargo: 300 pistols, 250 Winchester rifles and a hired army of 316 Pinkerton men. Where Andrew Carnegie's Homestead mill sprawled along the south bank of the river, the barges beached. That was enemy territory, defended by a cannon, spiked clubs, small arms, and a force of strikers 10,000 strong. Hostilities began at once. One fusillade from the barges dropped 30 defenders, but not one Pinkerton got ashore. Homestead's striking mill hands had won the opening skirmish of a labor...
...Interest in Justice. Author Wolff's balanced but pedestrian account ranks the Homestead strike as one of the most disgraceful chapters in the history of U.S. labor-management relations. Neither side produced a real hero, but both sides produced plenty of villains. The strikers turned ugly, on one occasion beat seven injured Pinkerton men to death. Andrew Carnegie, a public friend and private enemy of union labor, scuttied off to Europe before the strike began. Henry Clay Frick, his partner, was left to do all the dirty work-and he did it willingly. Prick's strategy...
...Thumbs. The town of Homestead settled into a state of siege regularly interrupted by violence. An anarchist from New York, Alexander Berkman, inflamed by newspaper accounts of the strike, came to Homestead determined to assassinate Frick; one day he managed to pump two shots into the mighty magnate, but Frick survived. Eight thousand Pennsylvania National Guardsmen bivouacked in the town under a general who was sympathetic to management; for expressing an anti-Frick sentiment, one soldier was strung up by the thumbs. When Frick imported scab labor under armed guard, the strikers poisoned their food; at least three died...