Word: honan
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Nation's Birthplace. China's 22 provinces baffle foreigners because so many of them sound alike (Honan, Hunan; Kiangsu, Kiangsi; Shansi, Shensi). Most typical of the northern provinces is perhaps Hopeh, which contains the capital city of Peking. From its rugged border with Manchuria, the province runs down in a shelving plain to the shallow Gulf of Chihli. Very few eminent Communists come from Hopeh or its neighboring province of Shansi, which is noted for sacred mountains and such spectacular cave temples as Yun Kang, where a mile-long cliff face has been chiseled into thousands of Buddhist...
...communes put up their own money to buy equipment for new mines, factories, furnaces. Foreign visitors saw cotton gins made of boxes and old boards, textile machinery with wooden parts. In Sinkiang, when they ran out of steel for a pipeline, it was finished with bamboo tubing. A Honan commune owning 6,000 pigs and producing 300,000 Ibs. of fish a year, saw it all taken by the state while the workers' total daily diet was limited to dough buns, a few ounces of chopped cabbage, and a single dish of noodles...
...first commune was formed in April 1958 by the merciless amalgamation of 10,000 families from 27 smaller collective farms in Honan province. Tough young cadres divided men and women into "production brigades." Members turned all their private property over to the state...
...cheers of 1,063 Congressmen, Liu Chieh-po. vice president of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, triumphantly announced that communes had been established in most of China's cities, had been successfully imposed on the majority of urbanites in the three populous northern provinces of Heilungkiang, Honan and Hopei. All told, boasted Liu, no fewer than 20 million city folk were now members of communes...
Mainland China was having its own troubles with the elements. Peking reported that Honan province was suffering a cruel drought, while at the same time severe rains have flooded much of the Peking area in what the People's Daily calls "a disaster without precedent for some hundred years." Then, added the Chinese, swarms of locusts had moved into Honan, Shantung and Kiangsu provinces, stripping leaves from crops on thousands of acres of farmland...