Word: hopson
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...years ago Psychologist Darlene Powell-Hopson of Middletown, Conn., tested 155 black and white youngsters between the ages of three and six in Headstart programs or preschools in New York City, on Long Island and in Connecticut. Using 20 Cabbage Patch dolls identical except for color, Hopson asked the children to give her the doll that "you want to be, you want to play with, is a nice color and would take home if you could." To Hopson's surprise, 65% of the black youngsters selected white dolls...
Comments from some of the children particularly disheartened Hopson. One boy, for example, insisted he was white, pointing to his palm. "Black is dirty," declared another. Still, says Hopson, her study does not show that black youngsters "are full of self-hatred or that they want to be white. It does mean that the message they're getting is that it's preferable to be another race...
Extending the Clarks' work, both studies examined whether self-esteem could be bolstered. In a half-hour session after the test, Hopson praised youngsters who chose a black doll and had them recite, "This is a nice doll . . . We like these dolls the best." When the preference test was repeated, Hopson reported a dramatic reversal: two-thirds of the black children selected a black doll (as did two-thirds of the whites). Inexplicably, McNicol's subjects showed no such change of heart...
...vanish one day last week in an eruption of automatic rifle fire just before sunset on a normally quiet North Dakota prairie. In less than a minute, Kenneth Muir, 53, chief U.S. marshal in the state, and Deputy Marshal Robert Cheshire Jr., 32, had been killed. Deputy Marshal James Hopson, 59, was rushed to a hospital in critical condition. So, too, was Yorivon Kahl, 23, son of Gordon Kahl, 63, a convicted tax evader whom the marshals had tried to arrest by setting up a roadblock on the outskirts of Medina...
...young children too long in adult company are merely involuntary signals of short-fused patience. Any competent psychiatrist remains alert to the tics and quirky expressions by which a patient's hidden emotions make themselves known. People even signal by the odors they give off, as Janet Hopson documents in superfluous detail in Scent Signals: The Silent Language of Sex. Actually, it is impossible for an individual to avoid signaling other people; the person who mutely withdraws from human intercourse sends out an unmistakable signal in the form of utter silence...