Word: hormuz
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...Soviets have installed a large, tightly guarded missile base at Berbera to service missile warships. Neighboring nations fear that land-based missiles might be brought in as well; that could not only threaten the nearby strait of Babel Mandeb, but also the entrance to the Persian Gulf at Hormuz 1,300 miles away...
...Pentagon had asked Sultan Qaboos bin Said of Oman--a trusted friend and ally of the British and the Shah of Iran--for full rights at the British air base on the Omani island of Masirah, a request subsequently granted. For hundred miles south-east of the Straits of Hormuz, the entrance to the Gulf, Masirah sits right on the main sea lanes joining the Persian Gulf to the industrialized world--a perfect take off and refueling point only. Despite Congressional strictures against it the US has continued to construct a base on the strategically located Indian Ocean British island...
...fuel and supplies for mid-Atlantic patrols. The Red fleet also regularly puts into ports in the Congo (Brazzaville) and Equatorial Guinea. On the east coast of the continent, Soviet planes and warships use bases in Somalia from which they patrol the Indian Ocean and the Strait of Hormuz, which leads to the oil-rich Persian Gulf. At Berbera the Soviets are completing a sophisticated installation capable of maintaining and arming lethal ship-to-ship missiles...
...protect its borders, a fact that worries other Gulf nations. In defense of the buildup, Iranian military officials argue that their country has potentially antagonistic neighbors in the Soviet Union and Iraq and that the country has a particular responsibility to defend and keep open the narrow Strait of Hormuz, through which pass tankers carrying more than half of the West's oil supply...
...building a force with the primary mission of protecting Arabs and Iranians alike in the Persian Gulf, from which 86% of the non-Communist world's crude shipments originate. The gulf at its neck narrows until the supertanker channel is only twelve miles wide at the Strait of Hormuz, which Premier Hoveida calls "our jugular vein." Iran worries that dissident forces, like the radical Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman, which is currently fighting Sultan Qabus in Oman, could block the strait by sinking a supertanker. The Shah's response has been a pride of military powers...