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...Society researchers last week reported their final figures on the connection between smoking habits and premature death-especially from cancer and heart disease. With a total of 11,870 deaths among the men (ages 50 to 70 when the study began in 1952), Drs. E. Cuyler Hammond and Daniel Horn were able to go far beyond the findings they had earlier reported (TIME, July 5, 1954 et seq.). From a mountain of crosschecked statistics submitted to the A.M.A. last week, they concluded: 1) all smoking shortens life; 2) cigarette smoking is by far the worst offender, and the risk goes...
Other Cancers. For the first time Drs. Hammond and Horn found a significant tie between cigarette smoking and cancer in other sites: the pancreas, where the death rate goes up 50%; the kidneys, up 58%; the stomach, up 61%; the prostate, UP 75%; the bladder, up 117%; liver and gall bladder, up 352%. Cancer at some such sites might have been caused either by direct action of substances in cigarette tar, or by spread from an undetected tumor in the lung. No relationship was found between smoking and leukemia, or cancer of the brain, colon or rectum...
Peptic Ulcers. Smokers' death rate was 116% higher for duodenal ulcers. When they got to the comparison for stomach-ulcer deaths, Hammond and Horn's graph bar ran off the chart; there was not a single such death among the nonsmokers, but there were 46 among cigarette smokers (five among other smokers...
Accidents & Suicide. Smokers' death rate lower than nonsmokers' by 6%-which, Researchers Hammond and Horn say, is too small to be significant...
Quit Smoking? Even after a man has been a heavy cigarette smoker for many years, he can still reduce his risk of premature death by kicking the habit, declared Hammond and Horn. After a man had been off the weed for a year or more, his prospects improved; among men who had quit light smoking (less than a pack a day) ten or more years previously, the death rate from most causes was scarcely greater than among lifetime nonsmokers; ten years after heavier smoking, it was 50% greater-and markedly higher from lung cancer...