Word: horta
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...life of art nouveau was short, about two decades; its climax was the turn of the century, in 1900. But in that brief time the look of Western capitals-and especially their bourgeois interiors-was utterly transformed by architects led by Victor Horta and Hector Guimard, designer of the Paris Metro entrances; poster artists like Privat Livemont and Alphonse Mucha; designers of jewelry like René Lalique; glassmakers and ceramists like Louis Comfort Tiffany, Emile Gallé and Felix Bracquemond. A new style of luxury art, the last great mannerism, had been found. Because of a hostility to "applied...
...tract. The authors, known as "the three Marias," had been arrested by the old regime and accused of "outraging public morals" and "abusing the freedom of the press" (TIME, July 23). In clearing them, Judge Artur Lopes Cardoso urged Maria Velho da Costa, Maria Isabel Barreno and Maria Teresa Horta to continue writing "works of art." And last week, for the first time, Portuguese movie theaters were showing The Great Dictator, Charlie Chaplin's 1940 spoof on Nazism, and the 1925 Soviet silent-film classic Potemkin...
...them worst is the role of mother. Society idealizes the role, of course, but the idealization masks the slavery of it." The new book is broader than this, however. "It has many themes," asserts the highly intellectual Velho da Costa. "Passion, oppression and especially love." But the more emotional Horta insists that "the book has one great theme, and that is the liberation of women...
Phallic Women. Of the three authors, Horta is the most fervently feminist: "I am not for the emancipation of women, but for their liberation. Emancipation is only a legal term, only a political event. It is the pathetic attempt of women trying to be like men, to make it in a male world. But liberation-ah, that is freedom. That is when man is removed entirely as the model of behavior and a woman is free to become herself." Horta believes that men, too, are oppressed. "But the relative pain of the two sexes is not comparable. Besides the social...
Whether militant like Horta or moderate like Velho da Costa, active Women's Liberationists have been virtually unheard of in Portugal, where old ideas about "a woman's place" are so deeply ingrained that few women are even conscious of them. Yet when New Portuguese Letters came out in April 1972, one-third of the original printing of 3,000 copies was sold within a month. Then the regime of Premier Marcello Caetano cracked down. Officials invoked a new law that makes writers criminally responsible for their work if the censors, who render judgments only after publication, voice...