Word: horvath
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...with government backing it was in virtual charge of the Hungarian church in the years before last fall's uprising. After his release from imprisonment, Cardinal Mindszenty threatened all "peace priests" with excommunication unless they submitted to church discipline. Most of them submitted. Notable exception: Father Richard Horvath, the National Committee's ambitious chief. Horvath went on riding high after the Kadar regime was installed by Red tanks. In January the Vatican excommunicated Horvath (for "plotting against the legitimate authorities of the church"), decreed automatic excommunication to all other priests who followed him. The Kadar regime fumed, imprisoned...
...same time the Kadar government promised its "benevolence" toward the church, particularly concerning the right to teach. The church, for its part, pledged support of a new organization called Labor for Peace to replace Horvath's old National Committee. The new organization will include the peace priests, but also Hungary's bishops and other clergy untainted by past collaboration. The two bishops imprisoned in retaliation against the excommunication decree will be released...
...cell. "Of course, we all know that you are innocent," said Kadar, but "by doing this you will render a historic service to the Communist movement." Rajk confessed in court-and was hanged. A little later Kadar himself was arrested. "After his release," wrote Hungarian Journalist George Paloczi-Horvath, "he told the Central Committee how he was tortured. A lieutenant colonel of the security police had beaten him until he fainted. When he came to, the man was standing above him urinating in his face...
George Paloczi-Horvath (who fled Hungary during the revolution last October) was a state witness in Kadar's trial in 1951. "Kadar's once handsome face had become distorted," he recalled. "He had a terrified and at the same time ferocious expression." Judged guilty, Kadar was sent to solitary confinement for three years. Wrote Paloczi-Horvath in the London Sunday Times of his own five years in a Communist prison: "There is a chance for expiation, for facing oneself and one's past squarely. But solitary confinement, utter degradation and an ocean of pain leave curious traces...
Kadar's chief torturer was Lieut. Colonel Vladimir Farkas. Not only did Farkas make Kadar submit to utter degradation, but he had him castrated. The turn of the Communist wheel made Janos Kadar Premier of Hungary last October. Forecast Paloczi-Horvath: "Now he can take revenge. He has power...