Word: houssay
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...Argentina's Dictator Juan Domingo Perón it was all very embarrassing. Dr. Bernardo Alberto Houssay, the first South American to win a Nobel Prize in medicine (TIME, Nov. 3), was an Argentine, but he was no Peronista. In fact, Perón had fired him from the faculty of the University of Buenos Aires in 1946 because he signed a wartime manifesto favoring "democracy and American solidarity...
...Government-controlled papers kept quiet; what was left of the opposition press printed glowing stories. Then the Peron party line was passed along. The pro-Perón La Época, charging that the prize had been "granted with political ends," went to town with a caricature of Dr. Houssay and an attack on the originality and value of his studies of the pituitary gland. "This gland detective," it said, should have been doing something useful like tackling tuberculosis and syphilis. Physiologist Houssay did not reply. He was busy last week getting ready for next month's trip...
Argentina's shy, black-eyed Dr. Bernardo Alberto Houssay is often referred to as "the world's greatest living physiologist" (TIME, May 5). Medical researchers are also enthusiastic about a gifted pair of biochemists at St. Louis' Washington University: shy Dr. Carl Ferdinand Cori and his redhaired, vivacious wife Gerty. Few scientists were surprised last week when Stockholm announced that Houssay and Cori & Cori had been jointly awarded the 1947 Nobel Prize in medicine...
...Houssay's award set a precedent: no South American scientist had ever been en-Nobeled before. To the independent, 60-year-old Argentine, who was fired from the University of Buenos Aires by Dictator Juan Perón, the Nobel windfall ($24,460, half the prize) would come in handy. The award was for Houssay's studies of the pituitary, the tiny gland at the base of the brain. He had shown that pituitary hormones, like messengers from a general staff headquarters, control the activity of all other ductless glands in the body. He had also discovered that...
Recently the Cori studies merged with those of Houssay. Following up Houssay's discovery that the pituitary is involved in diabetes, the Coris found that a mysterious substance in a pituitary extract seems to regulate the body's absorption of sugar...