Word: hsiao
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Chen's close relation to Chiang Kai-shek-the deep source of Chen's influence -is saturated in hsiao and cheng. With the Generalissimo, Chen is respectful to the point of reverence. He counsels, but only as a good son might make suggestions to his honored father...
Thus Chen Li-fu came under Chiang's protection in an all-important hsiao relationship. Chen went to Tientsin's Peiyang University (1919-23), diligently studied physics, mathematics, and the Chinese classics. Like many Chinese undergraduates then, he admired the Russian revolution, read Marx and Lenin...
Back in China in 1926, Chen had some idea of benefiting mankind by applying Scranton techniques to the coal fields of Shantung. Fate-and hsiao-had more exciting work for him. He again met Chiang Kaishek, now the general of Kuomintang armies driving against the warlords, and Chiang made Chen a political aide...
...Chen Li-fu and his brother had been given charge of the Kuomintang secret police. Loyal to Chiang, as hsiao required, they set up a Kuomintang underground, infiltrated Communist groups. Chen Li-fu traveled with speed and silence over south and central China, met with secret party leaders and hsien magistrates, testing the loyal, liquidating the disloyal...
...Chen encouraged practical subjects (a country at war needs engineers), he cut down on history, economics and politics. His advice to students: study-quietly and make no trouble. Extracurricular activities disappeared, except for Chiang's San Min Chu I Youth Group, a movement for training the young in hsiao and cheng, and in such un-Chinese pastimes as swimming. The Education Ministry started a bureau to "guide the thoughts and control the actions" of students, abroad as well as at home. When criticized for using "thought police," Chen made a distinctly totalitarian reply: "Any Chinese who violates the Three...