Word: humanation
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...process of making Britain an island took several thousand years, but by 5000 B.C. (about the time of man's first agriculture, in the Middle East) the English Channel had connected with the North Sea. From then on, no intruder-:plant, animal or human-invaded England by dry land...
...Public Health Service Hospital at Carville, La.-the national leprosarium-based its extraordinary system of allowing patients to lead near-normal lives. Under Dr. Frederick Andrew Johansen, who spent 29 years there, Carville helped a whole generation of leprosy patients to feel (psychologically, at least) like normal human beings. "Dr. Jo" let patients marry and live together, encouraged outsiders (provided they were over twelve) to come in and play golf or softball with the patients and dance with them at socials...
Adair was the first human subject so treated for barbiturate poisoning. Punching a hole through the muscle wall of his abdomen 2 in. below the navel, doctors inserted a plastic tube in his peritoneal cavity and hooked this up with a quart flask containing mineral salts in the same concentration as they occur in the blood, plus antibiotics to check infection. The solution drained into the peritoneal cavity. There it picked up some of the barbiturates by osmosis through the peritoneum. The doctors then drained the fluid, now mixed with barbiturates, back into the flask. They repeated the process with...
Steppes of History. After two stretches of imprisonment and banishment (one sentence was for complaining in a letter to his father of the inefficiency of the police), Herzen was wondering whether a "human being with any sense of his own dignity could live in Russia." Yet Herzen had the realism to understand, 75 years before Stalin, that an inefficient despotism is preferable to an efficient one. With a visionary eye he looked across the steppes of history and foresaw that the witless crudity of the Czar's bureaucrats might be less evil than a regime speaking in the name...
...underlined Herzen's teaching with some wry modern hindsight. As an observer of 19th century Europe, "only Marx and Tocqueville are comparable to him," says Berlin. "For Herzen," he says, the " 'collective nouns' capable of stirring strong emotion, like Nationality, or Democracy, or Equality, or Humanity, or Progress . . . [were] modern versions of ancient religions which demanded human sacrifice . . . The dogmas of such religions declare that mere invocation of certain formulae, certain symbols, render what would normally be regarded as crimes or lunacies-murder, torture, the humiliation of defenseless human bodies-not only permissible but often laudable...