Word: humanities
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Germany Year Zero. Roberto Rossellini's grim, graphic story of a twelve-year-old boy among the human rubble of Germany's occupation (TIME, Sept...
...human welfare. In Herbert Lehman's dictionary, welfare meant "condition of health, happiness, prosperity." What was wrong with that? "This is the bogyman they have set up which is supposed to frighten the wits out of us." Did Dulles think of himself as a Paul Revere spreading the alarm? Scoffed Lehman: Dulles is "galloping backward...
...science of microbiology is one of the fastest advancing fronts of modern medicine. Ever since Louis Pasteur discovered that many of man's most dreaded diseases are caused by microorganisms, scientists have searched for a drug that would kill the little villains without damaging the tissues of their human victims. A few chemical drugs were synthesized. Salvarsan, "606," developed by Ehrlich, proved to be effective against syphilis. Much later, in 1935, came the sulfa drugs, the medical wonders of their day. But none of the chemical "magic bullets" was effective against more than a few disease organisms...
...penicillin (almost by accident) in 1928 was a conspicuous breakthrough. Britain's Dr. Alexander Fleming noticed that the mold Penicillium notatum secretes a substance that kills certain bacteria growing on culture dishes. Later it was found that the secretion also kills many disease-producing organisms in the human body. It also does its job without any appreciable damage to human tissues. Fleming's great discovery focused attention on the fact that some micro-organisms are powerful chemical weapons that can be used against other disease-causing microorganisms...
Gold Dust. In American Cyanamid Co.'s Lederle Laboratories at Pearl River, N.Y. another Streptomyces was found to secrete a gold-colored, germ-killing substance. Dr. Benjamin M. Duggar, the discoverer, called this antibiotic aureomycin. First used on human patients at New York's Harlem Hospital by Dr. Louis T. Wright, the "gold dust" worked wonders for victims of lymphogranuloma. Like Chloromycetin, it deals with many of the rickettsias. In treating brucellosis (undulant fever), aureomycin is likely to replace the streptomycin-sulfadiazine combination much used at present...