Word: humanity
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...According to Moore-Ede, industrial deaths and injuries related to shiftwork cost the U.S. economy as much as $1.5 billion a year, and airplane crashes and plant explosions another $5 billion. Truck drivers alone are involved in fatigue-related accidents that cost $5 billion annually. Disasters and accidents aside, human fatigue costs the U.S. economy an estimated $6 billion in health costs and $55 billion a year in lost productivity...
...Coburn, publisher of the newsletter ShiftWork Alert, says American companies have gradually become more aware of the problems inherent in altering human circadian rhythms. Yet he observes that U.S. job culture still has not woken up, so to speak, to the need for more adaptation. Doctors, he notes, enter residency programs expected to work 36 hours in two days, having been taught almost nothing about how to sleep during the day or how to use naps to offset the effects of exhaustion. "The macho thing is very significant," he says. "Those who have been living with this for so long...
...broken bones of factory workers for generations, and personnel managers long ago began offering vaccinations. What's new is that employers in every industry are injecting themselves into issues that seem to have as much to do with lifestyle choices as with traditional medicine. In a U.S. Health and Human Services survey this year, 95% of U.S. companies with more than 50 employees said they had taken action to improve workers' health, up from 81% in 1992. Those efforts can now include a battery of physical examinations, diet advice, even acupuncture...
...cosmic cataclysms are known as gamma-ray bursts-- distant explosions, invisible to the human eye, that in seconds release more energy than our own little sun will put out in its 10 billion-year lifetime. Though astronomers have studied hundreds of gamma bursts, they have never determined what they are. Soon that may change. Last week astrophysicists from around the world gathered in Huntsville, Ala., to discuss the gamma-ray phenomenon and plan for the launch of a satellite that will turn the sharpest eye ever on the puzzling blasts...
Together, the remains open an unprecedented window into a time when nature was setting the stage not only for dinosaurs but also for the age of mammals that followed--and the eventual rise of the human species. Says Shubin: "If you look at the major groups of animals in the world today--mammals, crocodiles, turtles, frogs--most appeared during the Triassic, 220 million to 200 million years ago." With new discoveries making the origin of these groups ever more remote, he adds, "any find dating to this period is clearly very crucial...