Word: hutukhtus
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...most benighted. Tibet is one of the world's last theocracies: its culture centres about its religion, Lamaism, a form of Buddhism which was brought up from India through the Himalayan passes in the 7th Century. This hierarchical faith, with its priests, abbots, lamas (monks), hutukhtus ("Living Buddhas"), is headed by two infallible incarnations-the Panchen Lama, a spiritual teacher or "Buddha of Boundless Light," and the Dalai Lama, a temporal sovereign, the "Buddha of Mercy...
...Chieh, otherwise known as Ngag-Wang Lobsang Thubden Gya-Tsho. From Buddhists who traveled up from India in the 7th Century, over torrential rivers and through snow-swept passes of the Himalayas, the Tibetans adopted their faith-Lamaism. A powerful hierarchy grew up, with lamas (monks), priests, metropolitans, abbots, hutukhtus (saints). With a graded priesthood and a liturgy which included vestments, chants and prayers, Lamaism came to resemble a caricatured Catholicism, remembered perhaps from the teachings of wandering heretic Nestorians. In the 15th Century, through a shift in its priesthood which brought in a "Yellow" or reformed sect, Lamaism acquired...
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