Word: hwang
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...study published today in the journal Cell Stem Cell, a team of Harvard researchers reveals that the dubious stem cells created by Korean scientist Woo Suk Hwang were indeed historic, just not for the reason that he originally claimed...
...world heralded Hwang, who reported that he had created the world's first human embryonic stem cells using a delicate cloning technique called somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). If Hwang had actually done what he had claimed, he would certainly have brought stem-cell-based therapies closer to reality, by making it possible to develop patient-specific cells to treat diseases from diabetes to Parkinson's. Two years after his announcement, however, allegations of fraud led to an investigation by an independent committee of scientists, which failed to verify his findings, and Hwang and his feat were discredited; last year...
...study, led by Dr. George Daley at the Children's Hospital in Boston, shows that Hwang's stem cell line contains the first human cells to be generated not through SCNT, but through a process called parthenogenesis, sometimes referred to as virgin birth, since development is sparked spontaneously from the egg alone, rather than from the union of egg and sperm. Parthenogenesis is always a risk during nuclear transfer, since the process involves extensive manipulation of the egg and its nucleus. At the time that Hwang's original paper was published in Science, stem cell researchers raised the possibility that...
...cell lines for near-miraculous medical treatments-and because Yamanaka did not use human embryos, his technique offered researchers everywhere a way to sidestep the ethical controversies that have dogged the field since its birth. But it was March 2006, just months after the South Korean stem-cell scientist Hwang Woo Suk-who had become an international sensation after claiming to have cloned a human embryo, a first-had been exposed as a fraud. As another Asian stem-cell scientist announcing a surprise advance, Yamanaka knew his peers would put him under the microscope. "I was very nervous," he recalls...
...That the process proved so straightforward shocked Yamanaka. Scientists had assumed that reprogramming would likely require a complex arrangement of far more genes. "We were very surprised," he says-and with the Hwang debacle on their minds, "we were very worried." Yamanaka had another researcher repeat Takahashi's work, and when they published in the journal Cell in August 2006, he took the unusual step of including every last bit of lab data in the supplementary section of his paper. Still, Yamanaka's results weren't fully accepted until his work was replicated by others-the gold standard of scientific...