Word: hwang
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...differences in regulatory environments alone don't explain the South Koreans' success, as TIME's visits to Hwang's lab in early May and again last week made clear. The laboratory is a whirlwind of purposeful activity, and nobody is busier or more focused than Hwang, its director...
...Hwang was born just after the Korean War and grew up in a poor rural village in Chungcheong province, three hours from Seoul. "It was difficult to survive," he says. His father died when he was 5, and his mother raised six children by helping wealthier neighbors take care of their cows. After school, Hwang would look after the three cows assigned to his family. He decided then that he wanted to study the animals when he grew...
...veterinary scientist by training, Hwang says his pioneering work with human stem cells would not have been possible without an extensive animal-research program. Building on what he learned from his experiments on cows, pigs and ducks, Hwang developed his own assembly line of nearly two dozen steps to improve the efficiency of human stem-cell production. "I wanted to develop a unique technique, not just mimic and modify what others had done," he says...
...example, whereas Hwang's assistants gently squeeze the nuclei from eggs donated by female volunteers, researchers at other labs use a microaspirator to suck out the contents, which Hwang believes may damage the eggs unnecessarily. "Professor Hwang jokes that we're good at manipulating the egg this way because we can use chopsticks," says Okjae Koo, one of the graduate students...
...fused cell is stimulated electrically and chemically to get it to start dividing. At that point, other researchers have used animal-based growth factors and feeder cells to sustain the growing egg, but that creates problems if the cells are going to be used to treat humans. So Hwang has concocted a growth medium made of human-based nutrients, starting with human skin cells from one of the donor subjects...