Word: hydrogen
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Communist Party in the world (after China and Russia), dominates the streets and, through the streets, President Sukarno. Pro-Peking Communists also work hand in hand with Singapore's Barisan Socialist Party, have long since captured Japan's 10 million-member Gensuikyo, its Council Against Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs (which nonetheless lost considerable support with the advent of Red China as a nuclear power). Though India's 160,000-member Communist Party is split down the middle, the pro-Chinese wing holds the psychological whip hand, having won 40 seats in this year's Kerala state...
...back to Ramstein, where he touched down at 6:05. Waiting for him was an agitated reception committee, including a representative of the French armed forces, who stalked away with the plane's baggage-175 undeveloped photographs, 28 of them containing detailed closeups of France's main hydrogen-bomb fuel plant at Pierrelatte...
Valuable as liquid hydrogen is in the lab, though, the men who use it can never forget its dangerous characteristics. The trouble is, it really does not want to be a liquid. Forced into a fluid state by powerful refrigeration machines, it must be sealed in a double-walled vacuum container and kept constantly below its boiling point (-423° F.) to control vaporization. As a liquid, it is not readily flammable. It is when it vaporizes and comes in contact with oxygen that hydrogen becomes explosive. Which makes for a vicious problem: how to let off the inevitable vapors...
Explosive Energy. The same property that makes liquid hydrogen so intractable makes it a powerful and efficient rocket fuel. For use in rockets, liquid hydrogen is changed to its gaseous state, mixed with an oxydizing agent and ignited. Its explosive energy is greater per unit of weight than that of any other fuel now in use: one-third more thrust for each pound of liquid hydrogen than for the same weight of kerosene-oxygen fuels. "The difference in performance of liquid hydrogen over any other rocket fuel," says Norman C. Reuel of North American Aviation's Rocketdyne division, "represents...
...Liquid hydrogen is the fuel for two important U.S. rocket engines-Pratt & Whitney's RL-10 and Rocketdyne's J2. The RL-10 powers the second stage of Saturn 1, scheduled for early Apollo flights; two RL-10s combine to form the Centaur stage of the Atlas-Centaur system built to soft-land Surveyor spacecraft on the moon. J-2 forms the second and third stages of the Saturn V designed for Apollo's man-carrying lunar missions. In the near future, violent but versatile liquid hydrogen may become still more familiar as a fuel for supersonic...