Word: hydrogen
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...detonator of a thermonuclear bomb is a fission bomb containing plutonium or uranium 235, and its explosion sets off the main charge of fusion material, which is essentially deuterium (heavy hydrogen). Fission detonators are expensive, but a single one can explode any amount of comparatively cheap fusion material. Result: the bigger the bomb, the cheaper it is in terms of explosive yield. Clark figures that a ten-megaton bomb costs somewhat more than $1,000,000, mostly for the detonator. But further increases in yield cost only about $5,000 per megaton, so that the price...
Each of the paired cannons, he found, has glands that discharge a fluid into a saclike reservoir. Using his best microtechniques, Dr. Schildknecht next analyzed the fluid and found to his amazement that it was about 10% hydroquinone and toluhydroquinone (acrid compounds related to carbolic acid) and 23% hydrogen peroxide. When mixed in a test tube these chemicals reacted spontaneously, giving off copious gas, but something still unknown keeps them from reacting as long as they lie undisturbed in the beetle's ammunition sacs...
After the war, Seaborg served as a member of the General Advisory Committee of the Atomic Energy Commission, gave his reluctant support to the crash program that developed the hydrogen bomb-a program that split the nation's scientific community. "Although I deplore the prospect of our country putting a tremendous effort into the H-bomb," he said, "I must confess that I have been unable to come to the conclusion that we should...
...North American F-1 engines, is programed to put a three-man spacecraft called Apollo into orbit around the moon. In the meantime, the U.S. hopes to start landing instruments on the moon next year with an improved version of the Atlas missile; it will have a liquid hydrogen engine in its second stage, match the power of Russia's 1,000,000-lb. rockets. By 1967, the U.S. hopes to land men on the moon with the Nova, a rocket still under study that may end up being powered by clusters of F-1 engines...
Tritium is produced when great solar explosions cause hydrogen and helium to combine at energies of over a million electron volts. The effect can be duplicated on earth with a cyclotron...