Word: hydrogen
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Nonetheless, while the evidence is suggestive, there is still no clear understanding of what is going on. In their experiment, Pons and Fleischmann immersed electrodes of palladium and platinum in a bath of heavy water -- water whose ordinary hydrogen has been replaced with an isotope called deuterium. When they passed a current through the electrodes, the contraption produced heat. They concluded that deuterium ions had moved into the spaces between palladium atoms and fused together to form helium, giving off heat in the process...
...type of atom most common in fusion reactions is a form of hydrogen called deuterium. Although most hydrogen nuclei consist of just a positively charged proton, deuterium also contains an uncharged particle called a neutron...
Scientists theorize that conventional fusion yields one of two products: a helium nucleus consisting of two protons and one neutron and a high-energy neutron; or a radioactive form of hydrogen made up of two neutrons and a proton and a hydrogen...
...addition to being the energy source for the sun and other stars, fusion is also the process that powers hydrogen bombs...
Most of the attempts have used multi-billion dollar techniques to reproduce the incredible pressures and temperatures in the center of the sun, where fusion occurs freely. Scientists have used either powerful magnets to keep the hot hydrogen plasma--at about 200 million degrees Centigrade--from touching anything physical or huge lasers to heat a small pellet of deuterium to similar temperatures...