Word: hydrogenate
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Horowitz was concentrating on a helium-filled acrylic box connected by a series of pipes to an enormous Van de Graaf generator. The generator was splitting hydrogen molecules to produce protons, which were accelerated down the pipes and into the box. There the stream smashed into the apple skin, turning the helium in its path an eerie purple. The apple skin was browning and curling up under the bombardment. "Wow," Horowitz said. "This baby is taking quite a beating...
...radio spectrum especially important to radio astronomy. SMS-1, for instance, operates near the 18-cm. band, which is the natural wave length of hydroxyl, one of the first molecules discovered in space. It is from the signals of the hydroxyl molecule (which consists of one atom of hydrogen and one of oxygen) that radio astronomers have been learning about star formation and the nature of the clouds of gases between the stars...
...opposed to the 92 natural elements, which range in complexity from hydrogen-with one proton in its nucleus-to uranium, with...
...miles greater than the spread between its poles. The data returned by the spacecraft also support the long-held theory that Jupiter is unique among planets: a great ball of whirling gases and liquids with no solid surface. Its outermost 600 miles consist of an atmosphere of hydrogen and helium gases laced with clouds composed of crystals of ammonia, ammonia hydrosulfide and water ice. The rest of the planet is mostly a seething cauldron of liquid hydrogen, except perhaps for a small, rocky, possibly iron-bearing core. Scientists suspect that Jupiter's extreme interior heat-about...
Shuttling Gas. Unlike typical internal combustion engines, the Stirling engine is powered by heat from an external source. In the Ford-Philips design (see diagram), hydrogen gas is heated by a burner, which can run on virtually any kind of fuel. The sealed-in hydrogen then expands, enters one cylinder and pushes a sliding piston. As the piston moves, it forces gas out of the other end of the cylinder; the emerging gas is cooled and then moves toward an adjacent cylinder where heat is applied once more and the process is repeated. As the gas shuttles between interconnected cylinders...