Word: hydrogenate
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...first of Saturn's obvious troubles, the unexpected and early shutdown of two of the five J-2 engines powering the second stage (TIME, April 12), was traced to a fuel line that broke under the strain of liquid hydrogen flowing through it at approximately 100 m.p.h. The break set off a chain of events that lowered pressure in the engine, which automatically shut down. Because of an incorrectly wired circuit, the shutdown on the first engine sent a signal to another, perfectly operating engine, erroneously ordering it to shut down also...
Jarred Astronauts. Failure of the third-stage rocket engine to restart later in the mission was tentatively traced to a broken line that supplied hydrogen to the ignition system. Without an ignition flame, the engine could not be restarted. To reduce the possibility of future breaks in the stainless-steel fuel lines, flexible joints in the lines will be either eliminated or greatly strengthened...
...below the Nevada desert last week, the AEC tested a one-megaton hydrogen device, the largest ever exploded in the U.S. Despite earlier protests from scientists, labor leaders and Howard Hughes, who had feared earthquakes, major property damage and vented radiation, the blast produced only a harmless ground shock and a rock-filled underground cavity similar to that created by the AEC's Project Gas-buggy (TIME...
Decelerating Bang. Recalling an ear lier suggestion that soft X rays would be given off by hot, thinly dispersed hydrogen gas, the NRL scientists turned to their computers. To produce the detected radiation, they calculated, the temperature of the gas would have to be 1,400,000° F. and its density only one atom of hydrogen in every 3.5 cu. ft. of space. But even at this low density, says Astrophysicist Henry, the hydrogen gas would constitute 100 times as much matter as there is in all of the galaxies combined and thus solve the mystery of the universe...
...minimize the amount of oxygen necessary to maintain the two-gas atmosphere (44% oxygen, 56% nitrogen) that the student crew breathes, the simulated spacecraft is equipped with a concentrator that pulls exhaled carbon dioxide out of the air. The carbon dioxide is combined in a catalytic reactor with hydrogen and converted into water and methane. An electrolysis system then decomposes the water into oxygen-for breathing-and hydrogen that is used to feed the catalyti c reactor. Reluctant to waste even the squeal of this chemical pig, McDonnell Doug las engineers are working on spacecraft thrusters that can be powered...