Word: hydrogenate
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Last spring, British Mathematicians Raymond A. Lyttleton and Hermann Bondi attributed the expansion of the universe to the presence of thin hydrogen gas between the galaxies, suggesting that the hydrogen atoms may have slight positive charges and therefore push one another apart by electrostatic repulsion (TIME, June 22). A still-later theory comes from Professors Thomas Gold of Cornell and Fred Hoyle of Cambridge. England. Gold and Hoyle also think that the mysterious force comes from intergalactic hydrogen gas, but they argue that its urge to expand comes from high temperature, not from electrical repulsion...
...physicists. The data indicated that his project has made a significant advance toward the achievement of the first controlled fusion reaction, an objective that could give the human race a source of energy that would last for millions of years: one small bucket of water holds enough heavy hydrogen to make fuel equivalent to 300 gallons of gasoline...
Water for Fuel. The first step toward creating a controlled fusion reaction is to heat up deuterium gas until the nucleus (one proton and one neutron) of each atom is separated from the electron that ordinarily orbits around it (deuterium is the hydrogen isotope in heavy water, D2O). If the particles are made hot enough, the deuterium nuclei will collide with ample force to "fuse" together, forming helium 3 and giving off a neutron. When that happens, part of their mass is converted into energy-the energy of the hydrogen bomb, the stars...
...Physicist Luis Alvarez of the University of California last week held up a strange photograph that looked a little like a nonobjective drawing. It was in fact a picture of one of nature's innermost secrets. Made possible by use of California's new 6-ft. liquid hydrogen bubble chamber (TIME, July 13), it showed for the first time the birth, death and after effects of an anti-lambda particle...
...bubble-chamber picture (see cut), an antiproton from the Bevatron enters at bottom and hits a proton (1): out of the collision come one lambda and one anti-lambda particle. Since both are neutral electrically, they leave no tracks in the liquid hydrogen, but after a short, invisible career, each decays into track-leaving particles by which it can be identified. The lambda ( 2) turns into a proton and a negative pi meson, both of which go off the picture leaving strong curved tracks. The anti-lambda (3) turns into an antiproton and a positive pi meson. The positive...