Word: hydrogenate
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...Parts in 1 Billion Billion. Lyttleton and Bondi belong to the British school of cosmology, which holds that matter is being created continuously in the form of hydrogen atoms appearing in empty space. Each hydrogen atom consists of one electron and one proton, and physicists have generally assumed that the positive electrical charge of the proton is exactly equal to the negative charge of the electron. Lyttleton and Bondi point out that this is only an assumption...
...page paper, Lyttleton and Bondi suggest that it is the protons that have the bigger charges. In a "smoothed-out" universe of newly created hydrogen, the atoms will all be slightly positive, and they will repel one another by electrostatic force, as all objects do when they have the same kind of electric charge. Thus the smoothed-out universe of hydrogen must expand as fast as it is created...
...fuels of the space and atom age get more powerful, they also get harder to handle. Last week General Bernard Schriever, new chief of the Air Forces Research and Development Command, announced that liquid hydrogen, until recently hardly more than a laboratory curiosity, is being produced in considerable quantities as a rocket fuel. Liquid hydrogen is tricky stuff; it boils at minus 423° F., only about 37° above absolute zero. If it is not stored in elaborately insulated containers, it quickly turns to hydrogen gas, and a small amount of the gas makes a dangerous explosive mixture with...
...liquid hydrogen's virtues more than make up for its faults. When it is burned with liquid oxygen, the combination gives 40% more thrust than an equal amount of kerosene and oxygen. This improvement has a disproportionate effect on a rocket's efficiency, would more than double its payload...
...hydrogen-oxygen rocket of appreciable size has flown so far, but for a year Aerojet-General Corp. has been ground-testing hydrogen rocket motors at its Sacramento plant. Some tests have yielded more than 100,000 Ibs. of thrust. The treacherous new fuel burns cleanly and smoothly, and it is not as hard to store and get along with as some doubters feared...