Word: hydrogenating
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...designed only to harry atoms, is probably the nearest actual approach to the lethal ray of fiction. He decided therefore to take ample precautions. The control panel was moved 50 ft. from the beam and between them was interposed as a shield a three-foot wall of water the hydrogen in which is most effective in braking neutrons...
...devoted scientists. In the Curie Laboratory of Paris' Institut du Radium Irène Curie-Joliot and Jean Frederic Joliot were shooting alpha particles (nuclei of helium atoms) at the lightweight element beryllium. Strange rays hopped out of the beryllium. Fed into paraffin, the rays knocked out protons (hydrogen nuclei) at dizzy speeds of one-tenth the velocity of light. What were the strange rays...
...nucleus, do not swerve until they strike the hard core. Dr. Ernest Orlando Lawrence, who has an 85-ton magnet to play with on the University of California campus, produced a beam of 10,000,000 neutrons a second by smashing lightweight elements with deutons (nuclei of heavy hydrogen). With "slow neutrons" lately it has been found possible to produce gamma radiation from silver. For mathematical reasons that physicists find increasingly hard to translate into English, slow neutrons braked by a paraffin shield have more effect on the target than fast ones, are currently lionized in every physics journal...
Heavy Neon. Isotopes are forms of the same element having different atomic weights. Most famed isotope is "heavy hydrogen" for which Columbia's Harold Clayton Urey won last year's Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Dr. Gustav Hertz of Berlin's Siemens Engineering Works told how he extracted 98% pure ''heavy neon" (atomic weight 22) from ordinary neon (atomic weight 20). The separation, accomplished with the help of mercury in a long series of connected flasks, was so ingenious that Dr. Hertz's description of it was heartily clapped, and when he had finished...
...from Below. The gas that whishes up, at 230 lb.-per-sq.-in. pressure, from wells in southern California's Salton Sea basin, is carbon dioxide, more than 99% pure and free of malodorous hydrogen sulphide. There is probably enough of this CO 2 under the basin to make a million tons of the popular, efficient refrigerant known as "dry-ice." Geologists believe that the supply is continuously renewed by subterranean chemical action. Owing to the high initial pressure, the manufacturing cost should not be more than $10 per ton as against a prevailing selling price...