Word: hydrogenating
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...carried down into coal mines as sentinels against firedamp, are not often stationed in modern chemical laboratories. Nevertheless, Dr. Harold Clayton Urey and his coworkers* at Columbia University have kept canaries within sniffing distance of their apparatus for months. Reason: the chemists were working with two deadly poisons, hydrogen cyanide (used in some U. S. States to execute condemned criminals) and sodium cyanide. If these began to leak from the apparatus, the sensitive little birds would collapse in time for the men to take action. Pacific, round-faced, gum-chewing Dr. Urey and his associates were not interested in poison...
...Tasmania last week with 225 rubber balloons, large tanks of hydrogen and a short-wave radio receiving set sailed hoary-headed Robert Andrews Millikan, pious physicist of the California Institute of Technology. With him went two brilliant young colleagues: Physicists Henry Victor Neher and William Hayward Pickering. For 18 years Dr. Millikan has carted his balloons through the snowy ranges of the Andes and Rockies, has plunged his flat, metal electroscopes 280 feet into snow-fed California lakes, to measure minute amounts of electricity which may penetrate their surfaces. Purpose of his travels: to learn something about the mysterious cosmic...
...General Electric researchers, who for years have studied lightning bolts striking Manhattan's Empire State Building, showed more interest last week in hydrogen-cooling for generators at the powerhouse. Since hydrogen is the lightest of all gases, it circulates with much less friction than air. As a result of cooling generators by hydrogen rather than air, the power output per pound of fuel is increased by 20%, and the fuel saving on a 200,000-kilowatt unit tots up to $20,000 a year. There is no fire or explosion hazard, because oil seals keep the hydrogen purity...
...first hydrogen-cooled generator got into action at Dayton, Ohio less than two years ago, but G.E. has now installed nine units, with a combined output of more than a half-million kilowatts. There have been no "outages" or shutdowns on these through failure of the hydrogen-cooling system...
...butane molecule contains four atoms of carbon, ten of hydrogen. In the Egloff process, two atoms of hydrogen are first ripped out of the butane molecule at a temperature of 1,000° F. with the help of a catalyst (chemical activator). Then two more hydrogen atoms are torn out by repeating the same process. The molecule thus stripped is called butadiene gas. Another catalyst, and mild heat, then link up the molecule in long chains-and the tough, solid substance so formed is butadiene rubber...