Word: hydrogenating
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...amass scientific data. Cost of the expedition was reported to be $1,000,000. In Moonlight Valley, a large natural amphitheatre in the Black Hills of South Dakota, the Explorer's crew had waited weeks for favorable weather. To inflate the envelope with 210,000 cu. ft. of hydrogen had taken nine hours. Perched on the surrounding cliffs, 35,000 spectators had watched all night while a ground crew of 120 U. S. cavalrymen, working under cinema floodlights, swung into place the airtight gondola with its ton of scientific apparatus and 4,200 Ib. of buckshot ballast. In climbed...
Suddenly, for no good reason, the bottom of the bag ripped open with "a noise like a deep grunt." Leaking hydrogen, the Explorer bounced up & down for a half hour before she began to fall at a good clip. To bail out was impossible. "If we get out up here," radioed Major Kepner, "we will blow up like paper bags...
Prima donna of chemistry, hydrogen is present in 300,000 known compounds. Deuterium promised to be a twin prima donna capable of producing 300,000 new compounds. Commonest hydrogen compound is hydrogen oxide-water. First and most obvious heavy hydrogen compound is deuterium oxide-heavy water. In fact this looks like ordinary water and is only 10 percent heavier...
...water in low concentrations (but higher than in ordinary water) was found in the sap and wood of willow trees, in the Dead Sea, in Great Salt Lake. European experimenters dissolved sugar crystals in heavy water, recrystallized them by evaporation, found that the sugar molecules had discarded some ordinary hydrogen atoms, taken on deuterium atoms in their stead. When luminous bacteria of the kind that produce phosphorescence in the sea were placed in heavy water at Princeton, their output of light was dimmed because their oxygen consumption was slowed. Pathologists at Manhattan's Memorial Hospital hoped heavy water might...
...late there has been talk of a third isotope of hydrogen whose atomic weight should be approximately 3 as against deuterium's 2 and hydrogen's 1. Two members of Dean Lewis's staff reported finding it last autumn (TIME, Nov. 20). But they used the same magneto-optic method by which Professor Allison predicted deuterium, and among scientists the worth of this procedure is debatable. In England Lord Rutherford (who calls deuterium diplogen and its nucleus the diplon) bounced deutons against deutons. Each collision produced a proton and something new of atomic weight 3. But cautious...