Word: hydrogenating
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Power y. Punch. The freeze on atmospheric testing will preserve the Soviet lead in huge hydrogen bombs, such as the 58-megaton monster the Kremlin exploded during its Arctic test series in the fall of 1961. The tests taught the Soviets much about packing more punch into a lighter weapon, thus giving them valuable information on how to deliver the warhead by rocket rather than by vulnerable bombers. But the U.S. did not bother to invest the time, money and manpower in a big-bang competition with the Kremlin; the biggest U.S. nuclear bombs are in the 25-30 megaton...
...they got out of their car they saw the surrounding houses crumble. Bricks shot through the air as if fired from cannon-one struck a running man in the head and killed him. Dazed survivors in pajamas wandered among the trees. A man babbled, "I thought it was the hydrogen bomb." Only one wall of the main post office remained standing. A five-story building shrank in size as the earth swallowed up the two lower floors. People groped through the ruins calling for members of their families. Perhaps the most crippling disaster was the total collapse of three apartment...
Jockey for Position. Syncom II developed some drift after it went into orbit, as was expected, but in the wrong direction. The Kingsport next ordered Syncom to fire its hydrogen peroxide rocket to correct the slow eastward drift, and actually days will pass before Syncom's delicate guidance apparatus will jockey it into an exactly synchronous orbit. Then it is supposed to swing gently in a north-south figure-eight pattern, crossing the equator over the Atlantic Ocean while radiomen below test how well it can relay messages between distant points on the distant earth...
When they passed the proper hydrocarbons, sulphur dioxide and oxygen near a chunk of fiercely radioactive cobalt 60, the gamma rays from the cobalt knocked a hydrogen atom off the hydrocarbon molecules, making them highly reactive. After enough of these free radicals had been formed, the cobalt 60 could be removed, and the reaction proceeded without further stimulation. The result was SAS (sodium alkane sulfonate), a long-chain detergent that washes clothes and dishes every bit as well as the troublesome...
...rings up $287 million yearly and leads in sales of oxygen. Air Reduction Co. (sales: $287 million) leads in gases for welding and in research on food freezing. The youngest, smallest and scrappiest of the big three is Air Products and Chemicals (sales: $100 million), which pioneered in liquid hydrogen and grew to its present size by building big air-separation plants right on the sites of their industrial users...