Word: hydrogenating
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Mariner 5's findings, released last week, agree generally with data sent back by Russia's Venus 4 and its landing capsule. Neither spacecraft found evidence of Van Allen-like radiation belts around Venus, both reported hydrogen coronas and found that carbon dioxide was the principal constituent of the Venusian atmosphere. Mariner's finding that the atmosphere was "at least" 7 to 8 times as dense as the earth's does not contradict more precise Russian data showing densities 15 to 22 times as great...
...bored the ascetes of college dining halls. In fact, the tab collar set of the '50's were just so un-radical they were dubbed "The Silent Generation." Growing up under McCarthyism, they had an instinctive fear of speaking out against the status quo. The newness of the hydrogen bomb and the strength of the Communist monolith validated the Cold War with an incredible rationality...
Liquid oxygen (LOX) is used as an oxidizer in rocket engines and in steel production. Liquid hydrogen has been proposed as the fuel for the supersonic transport and as the propellant in a nuclear rocket. In bubble chambers, it allows scientists to trace the path of sub-atomic particles. Gas companies are liquefying natural gas for more convenient and economical storage, and liquid nitrogen is now used to freeze the earth around excavations so that mud will not slide into the work area...
...they drifted farther up in the clouds, or extreme heat if they descended too far toward the surface, Morowitz and Sagan speculate that they must be regulated to hover at an essentially fixed altitude. Thus, the organisms could well take the form of a gasbag or float bladder containing hydrogen gas-which the organism itself could produce by decomposing water...
Greenhouse Effect. Depending on the thickness of the membrane, they calculate, the organisms could range from the size of a pingpong ball to more complex and thicker-skinned gas spheres many times larger. Despite their internal hydrogen, Sagan jokes scientifically, there would be little danger of miniature Hindenburg disasters; there is little or no free oxygen in the Venusian atmosphere to support an explosion of hydrogen...