Word: hydrogens
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Cutting in after the first stage was jettisoned, the liquid-hydrogen-fueled SII second stage fired flawlessly, providing 1,000,000 Ibs. of thrust and boosting the rocket to an altitude of 115 miles before it, too, was jettisoned. Now it was the turn of the third-stage S-IVB. Firing its engine, it inserted itself, the attached Apollo spacecraft, its service module and the lunar module-a total of 140 tons-into orbit, with an apogee of 119 miles, a perigee of 114 miles. It was an impressive demonstration that, after ten years, the U.S. had finally overtaken...
...discoveries during the 1930s concerning the energy production of stars. A German-born scientist who fled the rising Third Reich and who has been teaching at Cornell University since 1935, Bethe (pronounced Baytuh) theorized that the inordinate energy emitted by stars results from two protracted nuclear processes during which hydrogen fuses into helium. Similar research placed Bethe in the front rank of atomic-era scientists such as Edward Teller and Robert Oppenheimer who gave birth to the Abomb...
Mariner 5's findings, released last week, agree generally with data sent back by Russia's Venus 4 and its landing capsule. Neither spacecraft found evidence of Van Allen-like radiation belts around Venus, both reported hydrogen coronas and found that carbon dioxide was the principal constituent of the Venusian atmosphere. Mariner's finding that the atmosphere was "at least" 7 to 8 times as dense as the earth's does not contradict more precise Russian data showing densities 15 to 22 times as great...
...bored the ascetes of college dining halls. In fact, the tab collar set of the '50's were just so un-radical they were dubbed "The Silent Generation." Growing up under McCarthyism, they had an instinctive fear of speaking out against the status quo. The newness of the hydrogen bomb and the strength of the Communist monolith validated the Cold War with an incredible rationality...
Liquid oxygen (LOX) is used as an oxidizer in rocket engines and in steel production. Liquid hydrogen has been proposed as the fuel for the supersonic transport and as the propellant in a nuclear rocket. In bubble chambers, it allows scientists to trace the path of sub-atomic particles. Gas companies are liquefying natural gas for more convenient and economical storage, and liquid nitrogen is now used to freeze the earth around excavations so that mud will not slide into the work area...