Word: hypothalamus
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Died. Robert Earl Hughes. 32. plausibly billed as the heaviest man in medical history (6 ft.. 1.041 Ibs.), son of an Illinois farmer, traveling attraction on the carny circuit, probable victim of an incurable disfunction of the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus; of uremia; in Bremen, Ind. With a maximum circumference of 10 ft.. 2 in.. Hughes had trouble getting around, lived in a converted semitrailer truck, which nurses climbed into by ladder to attend his final illness...
...their condition worse. He said that his laboratories had extracted something from the brains of cattle which he had tried in schizophrenic patients. What the substance is, Experimenter Heath did not claim to know: he gets it from the "septal region" (part of the midbrain. in front of the hypothalamus) of bovine brains. One test: Heath & Co. shot taraxein into two monkeys, noted behavior changes which reminded them of schizophrenia, then gave a shot of the beef-brain extract. The monkeys promptly returned to normal, apish antics...
...their fight to gain life-saving knowledge. Outstanding items: ¶ The pituitary gland, long given homage as producer of the "master" hormone ACTH,* is itself the slave of a truly imperial hormone secreted by a part of the brain, reported Baylor University's Physiologist Roger Guillemin. From the hypothalamus, an ancient part of the brain, Guillemin and Baylor colleagues have isolated a highly potent fraction, "hypothalamic D," which puts the pituitary to work when the animal (or human) is faced by physical or mental stress. Also named the "ACTH-hypophysiotropic hormone," it can be injected to give the same...
...Radium of Mercedes Hospital, he lifted a flap of bone almost three inches square from Senora R.'s forehead. With the frontal lobe of the brain pushed aside, he worked past a barrier of optic nerves to cut the stalk by which the pituitary hangs from the hypothalamus...
...brain of a single monkey, Dr. Delgado has found that by passing a current through different parts of the cortex, he can stimulate a resting monkey to raise his paws, scratch himself, turn around, yawn, or start trying to catch imaginary insects. In some monkeys he stimulated the lateral hypothalamus for an hour a day, and the animals ate up to ten times as much as usual. A few days after stimulation is stopped, the monkeys' appetites go back to normal. The seat of a monkey's love for bananas evidently is deep in the frontal lobe...