Word: ibm
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...civic self-defense, Burlington, Vt. (pop. 38,000), has now dealt the suburban mall still another blow. Overlooking Lake Champlain about 40 miles from the Canadian border, Burlington is an old port and mill town that has been enjoying an economic and architectural renaissance. Prestigious firms, such as IBM and Digital Equipment Corp., have moved into the area and built plants. The seedy waterfront is undergoing a face-lifting, and many of the city's Victorian buildings have been transformed from shabby relics into stylist shops, restaurants and dwellings. But Burlington's boom was threatened in 1976 when...
...fatten them. The computers could read radio-telemetry signals on body temperature, heartbeat and respiration rates from transmitters swallowed by the cows or carried on backpacks. Already, an electronic entrepreneur named Marvin Marshall tours the dairylands of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan and Ohio in a Ford Econoline van packed with IBM computer equipment. In two hours he will analyze a farmer's dairy cows and whip out a formula for feed calculated to permit each beast to produce the maximum amount of milk while remaining in glowing health...
That leaves only four competitors. In the lead is IBM, which has installed more than half of the existing systems. It has also developed a programming system that will enable a store manager to fine-tune his computer to print out exactly the data he needs most, such as which items are selling fastest and whether his customers are responding to sale prices on certain merchandise. National Semiconductor also is turning out a completely computerized system, and so far has sold 45. The other two rivals are Sweda and NCR, which enjoy the advantage of having made cash registers...
...them abroad. According to a confidential State Department study, U.S. multinationals in 1970 were producing $200 billion worth of goods abroad. That was nearly five times greater than total U.S. exports and, if anything, the gap has widened. The large American multinationals, such as GM, Ford, ITT, Kodak and IBM, understandably do not wish to undercut their foreign operations by increasing exports of finished products from the U.S. To a degree, multinationals benefit the U.S. because much of their profit is returned home in the form of retained earnings ($20 billion in 1977). Yet in a world that still reckons...
...effect on the domestic economy, especially since small companies based on new ideas tend to grow faster and create more jobs than older firms. A five-year study by the Commerce Department of six "mature" corporations (such as General Motors and Bethlehem Steel), five "innovative" companies (including Polaroid and IBM) and five "young hightechnology" firms (among them, Marion Labs and Digital Equipment) turned up some telling figures. The mature firms, which had combined annual sales of $36 billion, added only 25,000 workers during the five years; the innovative companies, with a $21 billion sales total, had a net gain...