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...Laden is not the first to challenge the al Sauds' right to rule. Fanatical Ikhwan, once allies of the al Sauds, rebelled in 1929, objecting to foreign influences such as the introduction of radio broadcasts, forcing Ibn Saud to crush them with loyalist tribesmen. In 1979 King Khalid harshly put down a fanatical group that seized the Grand Mosque in Mecca, in a violent two-week clash that left 127 Saudi troops and 117 insurgents dead. The message of all these groups has been the same: pure Islam has been corrupted by the al Saud rule...
Osama's father Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden emigrated from Yemen to Saudi Arabia as a bricklayer and slowly built the largest Saudi construction firm. His secret was winning the trust of the Saudi King, Abdel Aziz ibn Saud, who reigned from 1932 to 1953. The King asked bin Laden to rebuild the sacred city of Mecca, and ever since, the bin Ladens have been responsible for construction in Mecca and Medina. After Mohammed's death in a plane crash in 1967, his sons built Saudi BinLaden Group into a multibillion-dollar enterprise. Recent ventures include building a freeway around...
Ibrahim's supporters contend that the trial's aim is to end his 25-year-career as one of the Arab world's leading democracy advocates. The charges, including those brought against 26 Egyptian and one Sudanese co-defendants, stem from work carried out by Ibn Khaldun, a research center founded by Ibrahim in 1988 and supported by a board that reads like an Egyptian Who's Who. Prosecutors say its projects were illegally funded by foreign sources, and that by alleging election fraud and discrimination against minority Coptic Christians, they undermined Egypt's standing. A press campaign smeared Ibrahim...
...case has halted Ibn Khaldun's work on issues ranging from population control to rehabilitating Islamic militants. It is also having a chilling effect on other advocacy groups, coming not long after restrictions were imposed on nongovernmental organizations seeking to develop a "civil society" outside government control. "People are afraid to be forward now," says veteran Egyptian commentator Salama Ahmed Salama. "They do not want the same thing to happen to them." Activists say the message that Egypt tolerates liberals little more than it does Islamic fundamentalists may dim the prospects for democracy elsewhere in the Arab world...
When Salah al-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub was born in 1138 to a family of Kurdish adventurers in the (now Iraqi) town of Takrit, Islam was a confusion of squabbling warlords living under a Christian shadow. A generation before, European Crusaders had conquered Jerusalem, massacring its Muslim and Jewish inhabitants. The Franks, as they were called, then occupied four militarily aggressive states in the Holy Land. The great Syrian leader Nur al-Din predicted that expelling the invaders would require a holy war of the sort that had propelled Islam's first great wave half a millennium earlier, but given...