Word: icecaps
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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During the temporary thaw of destalinization, some fascinating literary floes have broken loose from the icecap of Soviet culture and drifted into open water. Last year Moscow allowed the serialization of Not by Bread Alone, Vladimir Dudintsev's harsh novel of genius frustrated by Red bureaucracy (TIME, Oct. 21), later condemned the book but could not prevent publication in the West. Now another furor is brewing over the appearance in Italy of a novel by distinguished Russian Poet-Translator Boris Pasternak. Reason why the Italian publication is "unauthorized"' by Moscow is evident from lines such as these: "Marxism...
ACROSS the North American continent from the edge of the polar icecap to the Mexican border lies a vast and wondrously intricate system of aerial defenses. Built over a period of nine years at a cost of more than $18 billion, based upon radar networks within networks electronically tied to the most modern systems of detection and interception (see color pages), it was never considered foolproof against penetration. A defense in depth, it was designed to-and will-limit to a minimum the breakthroughs of Soviet long-range bombers coming to pour nuclear destruction...
Putting the buildings under the ice, the Army figures, will save an enormous amount of fuel, which accounts for three-quarters of the cargo carried to an Arctic base. This alone is a big advantage, but to have military value, any installation on the icecap needs good supply routes to the outside world. Airlift is too expensive and dangerous, and weather on the icecap is often too rough for surface transport. So the engineers are putting roads under the ice too. With a Peters plow they dig a long trench 20 ft. deep. They roof it temporarily with curved, corrugated...
...goal of all this research is active military use of the Greenland icecap, whose strategic position dominates most of the U.S., Europe and the U.S.S.R. Major air bases on the ice are not likely, and in any case, the Army is not much concerned with air bases. More likely it is interested in icecap missile bases, which could be ideal places to station giant rockets in ready-to-go position. Temperature and humidity would be low and constant, deep under the ice, and this is good for delicate mechanism. Under-ice supply routes would lead invisibly in from the coast...
...seafaring family, quit medical school for a job at sea, sailed as a stoker, got his first glimpse of Greenland at 20. He returned thereafter with various expeditions, soon learned to talk, live, love like an Eskimo. In 1912 Freuchen and his friend Knud Rasmussen crossed the north Greenland icecap. Childlike in his daring, steel-girded in his endurance, he once (1923) hammered off the frozen toes of his left foot, hopped actively on a peg leg after a subsequent amputation. With his face also frozen, Freuchen grew a full red beard, only shaved briefly to be less recognizable when...