Word: ifs
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Chief Justice Warren Burger and Justice William Rehnquist dissented forcefully. (For varying reasons, Lewis Powell and John Paul Stevens did not participate in the decision.) In a biting opinion, Rehnquist argued that the legislative history of Title VII shows that "Congress meant precisely what it said." Congressional proponents of the...
Civil rights leaders cheered the decision. Said Benjamin Hooks, executive director of the NAACP: "Had we lost this case, the cause of affirmative action would have been set back ten years." The reaction in many boardrooms was relief. Before the ruling, employers were caught in a bind. If they gave...
But companies may find that Weber will bring even more pressure on them-not just from blacks-to set up affirmative-action programs. For instance, Vilma Martinez, head of the Mexican-American Legal Defense and Education Fund, says that Hispanics will see the ruling as "the means to open doors...
Brennan did not address the issue, but it is clear that the EEOC can obtain court-ordered affirmative action, including quotas, if it proves past discrimination. Most affirmative-action programs exist because employers cannot get federal contracts without them. Last week the Government said it would no longer buy from...
A year ago, Berkey Photo (1978 revenues: $199 million) won a major victory over giant Eastman Kodak ($7 billion) in one of the largest private antitrust suits in history. A federal district-court jury in Manhattan found that Kodak, which made more than 80% of the film sold in the...