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...money also pays for his small army of studio assistants. Hirst employs 120 people at six locations in England, including two massive facilities in Gloucestershire housed in converted World War II airplane hangars. Not all of his people work on the manufacturing end, but scores of assistants execute his product-lines-on-canvas, which are hugely profitable but for the most part aesthetically negligible. Those include hundreds of "spot paintings," each a multicolored grid of little circles and named after a pharmaceutical product; "spin paintings" made by pouring paint onto a whirling disk; and "butterfly paintings" made by embedding dead...
...Fischer and Hans Tropsch, who in 1923 came up with a process to convert coal to liquid fuel. When Adolf Hitler seized power in coal-rich, oil-poor Germany in 1933, the Nazis used the Fischer-Tropsch process to help power their military expansion across Europe; during World War II, Germany was producing 125,000 bbl. of synthetic fuel a day at 25 plants. After the war, a South African entrepreneur called "Slip" Menell bought the South African rights to Fischer-Tropsch, and in 1950 the new white supremacist Nationalist Party government formed Sasol--an acronym for Suid-Afrikaanse Steenkool...
...California The Browser Wars, Part II Search giant Google unveiled Chrome, a new Web browser designed to compete with Microsoft's Internet Explorer. Still in the beta-test stage, Chrome sports some spiffy new features--bundled tabs, an address bar merged with a search box--but faces a tough fight from Explorer, which claims roughly 75% of the browser market...
...bogged down in Iraq and Afghanistan. Roadside bombs shredded the minimally armored vehicles, killing hundreds of U.S. troops; "up-armored" models proved safer but prone to rollover. According to an August report, the Army is testing various next-generation vehicles--including a redesigned humvee dubbed the Expanded Capacity Vehicle II--and plans to spend billions on new trucks...
...their South Vietnamese allies, dishonoring the U.S. and emboldening its enemies. And those were not just knee-jerk reactions to his own traumas; McCain spent a year after his release studying Vietnam and its history at the National War College. McCain's Vietnam lessons dovetailed with the World War II lessons he had learned at home. He even believed his father should have resigned to protest President Lyndon Johnson's insufficient aggression. "John gets that appeasement doesn't work with our enemies," says Orson Swindle, a fellow POW who later served in the Reagan Administration. "They have to know that...