Word: iii
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Uncle John jolted the family by joining the G.O.P., and last week Franklin Delano Roosevelt III prepared to go him one worse. Admitting that he had turned down Harvard, where his famous grandfather and less famous father, F.D.R. Jr., had nibbled the lotuses of liberal education, he said he intended to enter Yale next month as a freshman, treated reporters to a blast of 18-year-older's ferment: "I'm tired of getting my name in print just because I'm a Roosevelt. When I accomplish something, you can come back. Meantime, sorry...
Word from Harvard. As the week's infighting commenced, Minority Leader William Fife Knowland seemed to have every right to mask his customary gravity with a confident smile. Five days earlier he had been beaten when the Senate struck out the bill's sweeping Part III and limited the bill only to enforcing the right of all qualified citizens to vote (TIME, Aug. 5). But he had bounced back to re-form his coalition of Republicans and Democratic liberals for a surer battle. He had grown so certain that he could fend off attempts to weaken the enforcement...
...weak spots lay. The Justice Department had advertised the civil rights bill as "moderate right-to-vote legislation," but had written into it complex injunctive powers that rested, so said the Southerners, on the "Force Acts" of Reconstruction. Dick Russell defined two outstanding targets: the bill's Part III, which granted authority for the U.S. Attorney General to get injunctions from Federal Courts to prevent abuses of all kinds of Negro rights; Part IV, the specific "right to vote" clause, which could be undermined by a jury-trial amendment that would ultimately leave Southern defendants in the hands...
...would ring the alarm bells in the ranks of organized labor, which is historically opposed to the use of Federal Court injunctions in strike situations; Arkansas' John McClellan, noted by television and general repute across the whole country for his stern morality, would stress the immorality of Part III. Russell's fellow Georgian, Herman Talmadge, proposed that the Southerners take every opportunity to get onto TV-radio forums like Face the Nation and Meet the Press; Russell quickly endorsed the idea...
Anderson and Aiken produced an amendment striking most of Part III from the bill; Johnson saw that the amendment got onto the Senate floor for action. Moreover, he rounded up so many votes to carry it that at the last moment he was able to allow some Northern Democrats to vote against the bill to strengthen their civil rights reputations back home. The amendment carried 52 to 38, and Part III was all but gone...