Word: ilion
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Dates: during 1890-1899
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...Troy." He referred to the fact that different answers had been given to these questions both in antiquity and in the present day. There lay, in antiquity, on a hill in the valley of the Scamander, three or four miles distant from the Hellespont, a Greek city called Ilion, adorned with a temple of Athena. The inhabitants of this city believed that they lived on the site of ancient Troy; Xerxes and Alexander the Great visited the place that they might see the scene of the action of the Trojan war. The geographer Strabo, however, and some other ancient writers...
Schliemann sided with the inhabitants of ancient Ilion, and in 1870 undertook excavations, which he continued until 1890, on the hill now called Hissarlik. After Schliemann's death these excavations were continued by Professor Dorpfeld until 1894, first at the expense of Mrs. Schliemann and then at the expense of the German emperor...
Professor Dorpfeld, before he stated the results of these excavations, reminded his hearers of the facts about Troy and the later Ilion which have been transmitted to us from ancient writers. Homer, in referring to the situation of ancient Troy, gives many hints that point very directly to Ilion. Ilion itself was twice completely destroyed. The city was again rebuilt by Sulla and the Roman emperors, and was especially honored as the ancestral city of the Julii for Aeneas, the ancestor of this family, had come from Troy. In Byzantine times this great city was completely destroyed and became...
...site of nine different settlements, each of which in its turn had been destroyed. In the upper stratum Roman buildings were uncovered, including a stately temple of Athena built of marble, and three theatres, and many colonnades and houses. Countless marble inscriptions record that this city was called Ilion, and that some of its buildings were erected by the Roman emperors. Under these Roman buildings, as the excavations were continued into the lower strata, were found simple houses built of smaller stones, whose age is determined by the character of the pottery found in and about them. These are beyond...
...Greeks and Romans, said the lecturer in closing, were convinced that the citadel of ancient Troy had occupied the site of the later city of Ilion, although they were able to see nothing of the ruins of the settlement of heroic times. Can we, then, longer doubt that Troy has actually been found, when we see before us stately walls of heroic times, and when the great importance of the site is so clearly demonstrated by its frequent prehistoric settlement...