Word: impressionists
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...then never allowed them to touch the silk for fear it would become soiled. His painting pointed to a new direction. Originating a pointillist style of ink-splash dots (still known as "Mi-dots"), he produced in paintings like Auspicious Pines in the Spring Mountains China's first impressionist landscape. Its curious sugarloaf mountains are drawn in loosely applied brush strokes and washes, trees are carefully controlled blobs of ink. The human scale is merely suggested with the bare-bones outline of a lone pavilion...
...Marcel was the first to have his doubts about the movement ("too exteriorized"). In 1912 he tried using a technique borrowed from the cinema to add movement, painted his King and Queen Surrounded by Swift Nudes (opposite) to show off his theories. His Chess Players is a conventional impressionist study of his two bearded brothers (Raymond, left; Jacques, right) with their wives in Puteaux. In 1923, after a few zestful years as a leader of the Dadaists (see below), he decided to give up painting for good in favor of chess...
Calling himself a "cubist impressionist," Villon progressed from his 1913 attempt to render cubist rhythms in Soldiers on the March to his lime-cool portrait of his notary father (opposite), who supported Villon's painting efforts off and on for 30 years. Villon, having refined his palette to the utmost, "touched the earth once again" by returning in 1940 to the vibrant countryside of southwest France. Part of his latest harvest: his superb pastoral illustrations for Virgil's Eclogues (TIME COLOR PAGES, June 6, 1955). Today, at 81, the holder of nearly every award the art world...
...Unknown Named Van Gogh. Bernard's role was never fully appreciated until Art Historian John Rewald told the story last autumn in his authoritative Post-Impressionism: From Van Gogh to Gauguin. In the late 1880s Gauguin was painting in the Breton village of Pont-Aven along impressionist lines. Bernard was a precocious, rebellious, perceptive intellectual. He used to go on painting jaunts outside Paris with another unknown named Vincent van Gogh, who thought well of Bernard's work. Van Gogh urged Bernard to see Gauguin, who had once rebuffed him, and the young painter went to Pont-Aven...
...what neither public nor experts had ever seen before. The walls of the gallery were covered with 120 oils and oil sketches, nearly 100 watercolors and drawings, scores of lithographs and etchings. The result was like a window on the birth of abstract art. The early canvases-impressionist landscapes, academic portraits, saccharine fairy-tale scenes-gave little hint of the revolutionary innovations to come. But suddenly (1908) the Bavarian countryside is seen in patches of fiery yellows, blues and greens. By 1910 color is triumphing over form, as a church steeple sways insanely in a polychromatic storm. Then...