Word: in-vitro
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Dates: during 1978-1978
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Other researchers were far more skeptical of going beyond in-vitro fertilization to the actual implantation of the developing embryo in the uterus. "The potential for misadventure is unlimited," said Dr. John Marshall, head of obstetrics and gynecology at Los Angeles County's Harbor General Hospital. How sure could anyone be that the Browns' baby will not be deformed, he asked. "What if we got an otherwise perfectly formed individual that was a cyclops? Who is responsible? The parents? The doctor? Is the government obligated to take care...
...before the tubal problems), damaged her both physically and psychologically, upset her sex life and jeopardized her marriage. The defense, for its part, questions whether the flamboyant Shettles, who has since left the hospital, ever managed to fertilize Mrs. Del Zio's egg and whether his other claims of in-vitro fertilization were valid. Scornfully, a defense lawyer said Shettles' work was as different from the achievement of Steptoe and Edwards as "a Model T Ford is from a Porsche...
...until the mid-1960s did researchers learn how to fertilize mammalian eggs in vitro on a regular basis. The groundwork was laid by M.C. Chang of the Worcester Foundation for Experimental Biology in Shrewsbury, Mass., and C.R. Austin of Cambridge University, who had solved the problem of in-vitro capacitation of rabbit sperm, a process that enabled sperm to penetrate the egg in the laboratory. Until then, the sperm were notably ineffectual in that role. But these early successes 'involved creatures no higher than rabbits, hamsters and mice...
...repair many tubes with precise microsurgery. But for Mrs. Brown that did not appear possible. The door to pregnancy seemed to be tightly shut until she was referred to Steptoe, who with Edwards had probably made more attempts than any other researchers to get around such blockages by in-vitro fertilization and implanting techniques...
Since the beginning of their partnership more than a decade ago, Steptoe and Edwards are believed to have attempted in-vitro fertilization and implantation in hundreds of women. In perhaps half of these cases, eggs were fertilized. But successful implantations have been rarer. Shortly before Mrs. Brown was treated last fall, a medical publication quoted Steptoe as saying that of 60 attempted implants, only three showed signs of lasting ? one for nine weeks, the others for two. Why the difficulty...