Word: indianized
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Inevitably, the wave of claims has stirred up anti-Indian hostility. "We are bitter," says George Benway, chairman of the selectmen of Mashpee, Mass., one besieged town on Cape Cod. In a combative spirit sardonically known as "whitelash," the Town of Mashpee has filed a countersuit against the Wampanoag tribe -demanding $200 million as the cost of all accrued improvements'if the Wampanoags should win their claim to much of the town's property...
After so many quiet years, what got into the Indians? Some scholars believe they never did fully abandon their hopes of regaining lost land and privileges. In Land Grab (1972), John Upton Terrell argues that from the very first coming of the white man the Indians' primary urge has been "defense, a ceaseless struggle to save their homes, their resources, their lives." This view may exaggerate the constancy of the Indians' will during an era when they were displaced by a relentlessly expanding society. Yet that will has plainly stiffened. In Apologies to the Iroquois (1959), Edmund Wilson...
...size of the offensive is striking. More than half of the 266 federally recognized tribes are litigating claims and contentions. The U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs, a party to 30 such cases four years ago, was coping with 80 by the end of 1976. The Native American Rights Fund, the largest organization specializing in Indian law, opened headquarters in Boulder, Colo., six years ago with ten cases; today it handles almost 400 cases in 40 states...
...land-claim cases are all in the East. The million or so non-Indian inhabitants of Maine seemed challenged at first by the land claims of the Passamaquoddy and Penobscot tribes, whose target area embraced 12.5 million acres. The claim remains the largest of those pending, even though the Indians have reduced their target to some 8 million sparsely settled acres. Fully as disturbing as the claim, as some down-Easters see it, is the fact that the Indians have the active backing of the U.S. Justice Department. Actually, Justice has no choice. In a 1974 case brought...
...land cases, of course, the Indian Renaissance is rattling one of the uglier skeletons in the open closet of American history. That much land occupied by the Indians was taken by force or fraud is an old, richly documented story. The tale, if sad, is not surprising, given the way of civilization wherever it has encroached on simpler societies. It may be, as many historians argue, that American settlers were driven by an unusual hunger for land. To pioneering Americans, in fact, the right to property was rarely distinguished from the right to liberty. It was the irresistible pursuit...