Word: indianness
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...India's military muscle has grown, so has its willingness to employ force in disputes with other nations. In 1984 Indian troops occupied the no- man's-land of Kashmir's 20,000-ft.-high Siachen Glacier, where at least 100 Indian soldiers have since died every year. By the summer of 1985, for the first time since the 1960s, Indian jawans penetrated into unoccupied and disputed territory along the China-India border, provoking what Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi later called an "eyeball-to-eyeball" confrontation with China...
...July 1987 Sri Lanka bowed to pressure from New Delhi and allowed Indian forces to occupy the north and east of the island. Some 80,000 soldiers remain deployed there, trying with limited success to suppress Tamil separatist guerrillas who, ironically, were initially encouraged, armed and trained by India...
...aborted coup reinforced the view of a number of key officials in Washington that the U.S. -- and other nations -- must come to terms with India's growing military and political clout in South Asia and the Indian Ocean. Said Richard Armitage, then the U.S. Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs: "It doesn't make sense for the U.S. not to have a congenial relationship with the largest democracy and the dominant military power in the subcontinent -- and with a country that will clearly take its place on the world stage in the 21st century...
...nations have been at war three times since India gained its independence in 1947. Most analysts agree, however, that India has pulled well ahead of its archfoe: its modern combat aircraft, for example, now outnumber Pakistan's by as many as 5 to 1. China is sometimes invoked by Indian officials as the "real threat." But most analysts note that apart from maintaining its close ties with Pakistan, Beijing has taken no military or diplomatic action since the 1970s that could be construed as ! threatening by New Delhi...
India's growing military machine, meanwhile, has gained the uneasy attention of its neighbors along the rim of the Indian Ocean, like Australia and Indonesia. India's lease of a nuclear-powered Soviet submarine and its acquisition of Soviet-built long-range reconnaissance planes have raised anxiety in the Australian Parliament. In Jakarta an army colonel describes his government as "concerned" about India's longer-term intentions. For that reason, he explains, Indonesia is planning to build a large naval base on Sumatra to gain quick access to the Bay of Bengal...