Word: indirections
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...grown to an estimated $102 billion-all of it tax exempt. New York City alone forgives $36 million a year in potential taxes on church property. Though such exemptions are as old as the republic, even some churchmen have lately questioned the practice. Critics view it as an indirect subsidy that hikes taxes for other property owners and violates the First Amendment because it amounts to state support of religion...
Middle Course. Speaking for the court majority, Chief Justice Warren E. Burger relied largely on the clear fact that church exemption is a U.S. tradition. He admitted that exemption "necessarily operates to afford an indirect economic benefit" but he felt that the practice does not produce the kind of governmental "sponsorship, financial support and active involvement" that the First Amendment's drafters intended to guard against. It is no more an aid to religious organizations than other forms of assistance permitted by the court, including the use of state funds to pay for the busing of parochial school pupils...
...pupils an average 20 miles a day. The survey noted that desegregation plans approved by the Department of Health, Education and Welfare tend to reduce busing in Southern states. Nevertheless, some segregated private academies encourage parents to buy and operate buses, while several Southern state legislatures are pressing for indirect subsidies for private-school busing. According to the survey, one white school-Beaufort Academy in South Carolina-has pupils who ride the bus 120 miles...
...stated that they "will remain opposed to all direct and indirect manifestations of U.S. imperialism (such as Nixon sending troops into Cambodia) but for black people to focus in on a single event is to miss the international aspects of our oppression...
...recent blasts could still be heard. In Washington and in state capitals, officials were searching for new means to control dynamite and dynamiters. In Maryland, where two black militants died in bomb blasts, the trial of Rap Brown was moved once more to a new site as an indirect result of the explosions. In Manhattan, police picked carefully through the rubble of the West 11th Street house, where at least three people died. There, in the ruins, they found a severed finger, which enabled them to identify one of the victims as Diana Oughton, 28, a talented, idealistic girl whose...