Word: infectivity
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...Ever since the AIDS virus was first isolated in 1983, scientists have been trying to determine which receptor on the surface of healthy immune cells is used by the virus to infect the cells. By blocking the receptor, researchers might be able to prevent the illness from taking hold. One such receptor, called CD4, has already been identified, and now biologists in France have reported evidence suggesting that they have found a second, CD26, which the virus must use in conjunction with the first...
...procedure involves genetically engineering human cells to produce antibodies that interfere with the production of a protein necessary for HIV, the virus which most commonly causes AIDS, to infect human cells...
...only does this reduce the ability of virus to infect other cells, but it also protects many infected cells from cell death, according to team leader Wayne A. Marisco, an assistant professor in medicine at Harvard Medical School...
...months. Raised as Catholics, "their AIDS awareness is nil," says social worker Wiltrud Schenk. "They get embarrassed if you mention the word condom." In Bombay farmers migrate to town off-season for construction jobs. They visit the brothels -- where a third of the prostitutes are HIV-positive -- and later infect their wives. The virus is sweeping the subcontinent: from half a dozen HIV-positive cases in 1986 to a million today -- and an estimated 10 million in the next decade, when the number of people suffering from the full-blown disease is expected to rise to 1 million. Even...
...study in Kenya has shown that HIV-positive women who are pregnant or taking oral contraceptives are likelier than average to infect their sexual partners, maybe because of changes in the cervix...