Word: influenzae
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...starts. Most things that will kill a virus will also harm its host cells; thus there are only a few antiviral drugs in existence. Medicine's great weapon against viruses has always been the preventive vaccine. Starting with smallpox in the late 1700s, diseases including rabies, polio, measles and influenza were all tamed by immunization...
...Experts say new vaccines and treatments for a common type of influenza called Hib can prevent up to one-third of the cases of hearing loss in young children...
...Columbus and his fellow European explorers can breathe a bit easier. They have long been accused of slaying New World natives not just with swords but also with germs. Supposedly, the sailors -- and eventual settlers -- brought with them the bugs for illnesses unknown in the Americas, including smallpox, measles, influenza, malaria and tuberculosis. Never having been exposed to these ailments, natives had no immunity. Now, though, the European invaders have been exonerated as the carriers of at least one disease to the New World. Scientists said last week that they had found DNA from the TB bacterium in the mummified...
...genetically engineered antibody has been remarkably effective in attacking a virus that causes pneumonia in mice (and men). Successful trials on humans could lead to a powerful treatment not only for viral pneumonia but also for influenza...
...shots really are worth the fuss and bother. A three-year study of people ages 45 and older who live in the Canadian province of Manitoba found that without the vaccine, the number of hospital admissions for influenza and pneumonia would have been 40% higher...