Word: infra
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...that stars must be forming in the universe around us," he says. And wherever they were, those new stars should have been extremely bright. But strangely, none could be found. Then Low learned from a visiting astronomer that R Mon seemed to be emitting an abnormally large amount of infra-red radiation. He decided to check on the star with his germanium bolometer, an extremely sensitive infra-red measuring device of his own design (TIME...
Mathematical Model. After connecting the bolometer to the 5-ft. infra-red telescope at the University of Arizona's Catalina observatory near Tucson, Low made careful measurements of R Mon's total energy output over a wide range of wave lengths. He found that the energy produced was much greater than earlier observations had indicated (about 870 times that of the sun), and the star was radiating with inexplicable intensity at the longest wave lengths. On the theory that something was obscuring the visible light, Low asked Smith to help work out a mathematical model of a bright...
...discovery of Hawaii's untapped fluid assets was made by University of Michigan and U.S. Geological Survey scientists while they were charting temperature variations in the vicinity of Kilauea, the island's largest volcano crater. In an old B-25 bomber crammed with infra-red scanning equipment, they mapped the volcano's hot spots; then they enlarged their thermal survey by following two great rifts that led from the crater to the sea. Under the shore, and in nearby coastal waters, their infra-red detector revealed just the opposite of what they were searching for: large areas...
Cold Stills & Hot Springs. Geologist William Fischer, who headed the survey, soon recognized the significance of the findings: like an aerial divining rod, the infra-red scanner had spotted streams of cool, fresh rain water flowing out into the ocean. After completing the volcanic survey, the B-25 flew back and forth over Hawaii's entire coastline, eventually detecting a total of 219 shore areas that might have underground fresh-water springs. In one 5-sq.-mi. area in Hilo Bay, the scientists estimate, the discharge of fresh water amounts to 100 million gallons a day. Using the infra...
...Infra-red detection of underground fresh water will soon be possible anywhere in the world. Fischer is currently working on infra-red instruments for the Geological Survey's EROS (Earth Resources Observation Satellites) program, hopes to have it aboard a satellite by 1969. Once in operation, it might serve to find water under deserts, chart the best locations for wells and discover new hot springs for resort sites. It could even help the U.S. Internal Revenue Service by searching the Southern hill country for the hidden cold springs that are needed for the operation of illegal stills...