Word: inkatha
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...Klerk's speech capped one of the most fateful weeks in the long struggle against apartheid. Earlier, the A.N.C. and its major black power rival, the Zulu-based Inkatha Freedom Party, moved to end their bloody internecine strife. Mandela and Zulu Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi finally met for the first time in 28 years and asked their followers to "cease all attacks against one another with immediate effect." Feuding between the two factions has claimed as many as 8,000 lives since 1984. To underline the message, Mandela and Buthelezi agreed to tour the most violence-torn regions of the country...
Although the A.N.C. officially renounced antigovernment violence last year, Mandela still endorses mass demonstrations and strikes; Buthelezi calls them "anarchistic." He opposes the A.N.C. demand that economic sanctions continue against South Africa until blacks gain power. For its part, the A.N.C. accuses Inkatha of collaborating with the government by encouraging Zulus to live in their segregated homeland. Meanwhile, the A.N.C. has been burdened by the troubles of Mandela's wife Winnie, who faces trial as early as this week on charges of kidnapping and assault in connection with the 1988 death of a youth who allegedly died at the hands...
Despite their differences, the A.N.C. and Inkatha have tentatively agreed to De Klerk's proposal for an all-party conference -- or Great Indaba -- to help design a multiracial legislature that would replace the white-dominated Parliament. The A.N.C. wants Pretoria to free all remaining political prisoners and allow exiles to return to South Africa before convening the Indaba. If such conditions are met and the talks remain on track, political analysts say elections could be held under a new constitution by late...
...that timetable could grind to a halt amid fresh outbreaks of black- against-black violence or a growing backlash from disaffected whites. Less than 24 hours after Mandela and Buthelezi embraced last week, an A.N.C.-Inkatha clash killed at least eight people and injured 60 others in Natal province, where most of the country's 6 million Zulus live. In Pretoria police used nightsticks and tear gas to battle 5,000 white farmers who paralyzed traffic by parking farm vehicles on downtown streets. Backed by the Conservative Party and the neo-Nazi Afrikaner Resistance Movement, the protesters demanded...
When President F.W. de Klerk lifted emergency rule last June, he left the security regulations intact in the province of Natal, where fighting between the followers of the Zulu political movement Inkatha and the African National Congress has claimed 4,000 lives since 1986. Last week De Klerk freed Natal from the restrictions, thus removing a major obstacle to negotiations with the A.N.C. over a new constitution. Though violence still flares occasionally in Natal, the province has grown calmer since De Klerk dispatched additional troops there in April...