Word: inner
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...partnership has endured several crises. In 1967 Valli realized he was losing his hearing because of otosclerosis, a rare inner-ear ailment. One doctor told him that he would go completely deaf. At about the same time, sloppy management of the Four Seasons' business affairs plunged the group some $2 million in debt. To recoup, Valli embarked on a grueling schedule of about 300 concerts a year from 1969 to 1973. During that period, his ears got so bad that at times he had trouble hearing the band playing behind him. Finally, a series of operations restored most of Valli...
...many atoms, particularly those of metallic conductors, the outer shell has a number of empty slots, and the electrons that it does contain are not bound as tightly to it as those in the inner shells. Just as the sun's gravitational pull is weaker on distant Pluto than on nearby Mercury, the hold of an atomic nucleus is also weaker on electrons in the outermost layers...
...costly war on poverty and aggressively pursued affirmative action to increase opportunities for blacks. Millions of them, as a result, have escaped the ghetto to join the mainstream middle class. But to the consternation of scholars, officials and blacks themselves, a seemingly ineradicable black underclass has multiplied in inner-city neighborhoods plagued by a self-perpetuating pathology of joblessness, welfare dependency, crime and teenage illegitimacy...
...distinguished black sociologist has produced a provocative analysis of the black underclass and a radical proposal for easing its plight. In The Truly Disadvantaged: The Inner-City, the Underclass and Public Policy (University of Chicago Press; $27.50), William Julius Wilson challenges conservative social theorists who blame the excesses of the welfare state for the swelling of the underclass; civil rights leaders who attribute its existence to racism; and liberal social scientists who hypothesize an entrenched "culture of poverty" in the ghetto. Wilson may be guilty of understatement when he predicts that his new study, due out this fall, "will...
...book, Wilson challenges liberal orthodoxies by candidly exploring the social pathologies -- drug use, crime, teen pregnancies, welfare dependency and other destructive behavior -- evident in the inner cities. Discussion of these catastrophic ghetto problems by liberals has been stifled, he says, ever since black scholars raised a storm over the 1965 report by Daniel Patrick Moynihan on the breakdown of the black family. In the absence of forthright research from liberals and blacks, writes Wilson, right-wing scholars like Charles Murray (Losing Ground) gained influence with the Reagan Administration by asserting that welfare programs had become so lucrative that they provided...