Word: insertion
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Some DNA viruses become inactive and escape detection by the host's immune system by insinuating their genetic material into the DNA of the host cell. A retrovirus, however, must first use its enzyme called reverse transcriptase to convert its RNA into a DNA molecule, which can then insert itself into the cell's DNA and order the cellular machinery to begin producing more retroviruses. Or it can remain dormant and invisible to the immune system, / awaiting some signal to begin causing trouble. Hidden in the cell's DNA, says David Baltimore, who shared a Nobel Prize for the discovery...
...medical researchers hope soon to have a powerful ally in their campaign against viruses: vaccines made from genetically engineered viruses. At the NIH, Dr. Bernard Moss is using recombinant DNA techniques to convert vaccinia, a large virus that causes cowpox, into a one-shot, multidisease vaccine. He plans to insert only the antigen-coding genes of eight to ten kinds of dangerous viruses into the DNA of live but weakened vaccinia viruses. The re- engineered vaccinia would then sport the antigens of the harmful viruses, but not their ability to cause disease. Once inoculated, it would stimulate the immune system...
...copy card system--in which people insert a card with photocopy credit on it into the copier in place of coins--is clearly warranted, especially in light of the price hike. In exchange for the 100 percent increase in cost, users deserve something in return. Why not eliminate the need to drop a dime into the machine before making each copy...
...PRICES going from a nickel to a dime anyway? The libraries do not necessarily need ten cents for each photocopy. They merely need more than a nickel. But as long as we have to insert coins, the seven-cent photocopy is an idea whose time will never come...
...penalties for failure to show up for the seat. For its part, People operated more like a mass-transit company. It offered two cheap daily fares--peak and off-peak--to most destinations, sold few tickets in advance and frequently overbooked its seats. Later this summer People will finally insert its flight schedule into the sophisticated computer networks managed by American and United...