Word: instituted
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...prison population has rocketed from 30,000 to 41,000, overcrowding the country's jails. "The Socialists are putting people in jail, but they gave an impression of laxity," says Michel Crozier, a sociologist at Paris' prestigious Institut d'Etudes Politiques. Undismayed, Badinter goes on promoting reforms. The latest: a proposal to give detained offenders new rights that lawyers are already calling "French-style habeas corpus...
...much of the past decade, though, Boulez, 56, has been absorbed in his work as director of IRCAM-the Institut de Recherche et de Coordination Acoustique/ Musique. The institute, part of the Pompidou arts center in Paris, is devoted to research and collaboration between scientists and musicians. It is here, on the front lines of music's progressivist movement, that Boulez for the first time in his career has turned to modern computer technology to produce his newest work Répons (response...
Analyzing the election results in New York were two TIME staffers well versed in the quirks of French politics. Reporter-Researcher Judith B. Prowda studied in Paris for three years, one of them at the prestigious Institut d 'Etudes Politiques, "a useful prelude to the crash course that French voters have just given us." Associate Editor Thomas A. Sancton, who wrote the cover story, spent five years in Paris, working as a freelance journalist and completing a doctorate in French history. Sums up Historian Sancton: "I see Mitterrand in the tradition of 19th century socialist reformers, neither Marxist...
...scientist was an American, Harvard-trained Ion Gresser, at the Institut de Recherches Scientifiques sur le Cancer in Villejuif, France. He made his own interferon by injecting viruses into the brains of laboratory mice; that stimulated the production of IF. After mashing the brains and processing them, he was left with a crude but potent solution of interferon. He gave the IF to a group of mice injected with a virus that causes leukemia, a blood cancer. After a month, the interferon-treated mice were in good health; those in an untreated control group had leukemia. Gresser then went...
...noting (incorrectly) that "France buys more oil from the Soviet Union than from Iran." Even the Giscard-Schmidt communiqué appeared indecisive to some. "It says to the Soviets, 'The next time you pull an Afghanistan you will be punished,' " complained Professor Alfred Grosser of the Institut d'Etudes Politiques. "That is the action of a weak parent...