Word: instrument
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...days of Nikita Khrushchev, who once admitted to Sadat that "we cannot drive people into paradise with a stick," Moscow has hoped that the Egyptians would eventually find their own way into the socialist Eden. Egypt's only political party, the Arab Socialist Union, appeared an ideal ideological instrument for the journey; it was certainly no accident that Ali Sabry, Sadat's principal competitor for power, was until last month both the dominant voice within the A.S.U. and the Egyptian leader closest to Moscow...
...have ever had before. It is a huge, 328-ft. paraboloid nestled in West Germany's Eifel hills at Effelsberg, about 25 miles southwest of Bonn. More than 75 feet larger than the existing record holder, Britain's big Jodrell Bank radio antenna, the steel-and-aluminum instrument is now undergoing its final checkouts before it begins scanning the heavens in earnest this fall...
Meticulous Design. The first radio telescope, a crude antenna that turned on wheels cannibalized from a Model T Ford, was made 40 years ago by a Bell Labs scientist named Karl Jansky. In contrast, the new German instrument is a model of engineering sophistication. The entire telescope can be rotated a full 360° on a circular railroad-type track in only nine minutes. Its plate-and-mesh reflector can be tilted 90° from a point directly overhead to the horizon in only half that time. Furthermore, the telescope has been so meticulously designed that the stresses caused...
...remarkable new instrument is the result of an almost singlehanded campaign by the 60-year-old head of Bonn University's Institute of Radio Astronomy. Trying to restore some of Germany's prewar scientific luster, Professor Otto Hachenberg personally supervised the design, persuaded the Volkswagen foundation to pay most of the cost ($9 million), and nagged the builders to complete the complicated job from blueprints to operation in a short 3½ years...
...month, 290,000,000-mile flight, the Soviets said, was to conduct scientific investigations of the Red Planet. But the great weight of the spacecraft immediately suggested the possibility that the Russians may attempt a soft landing. The U.S. is not scheduled to launch its Viking soft-lander instrument package toward Mars until 1975. Said NASA's Deputy Administrator George Low of the Russian effort: "I hope it gets there, and I hope we share with them in the data...